Hvac Repair Near Me: Find Dependable Cooling And Heating System Repairs Near Your Area

Types of A/c Repair Solutions You Can Count On

Ever wondered why your a/c unit all of a sudden stops blowing cold air on the hottest day of the year? Or why the heater seems to sputter more than warm your home when winter season bites? These are familiar headaches for anybody looking for Heating and cooling Repair Near Me. The challenges don't stop there: weird sounds, fluctuating temperature levels, or inefficient air flow can turn comfort into chaos.

Luckily, Bold City Heating and Air tackles these problems head-on, offering a spectrum of specialized repair work services that transform discomfort into relaxing relief. Bold City Heating and Air. Here's a glance at the core services they master:

1. A/c Repair Work: From refrigerant leaks to compressor failures, every part is inspected and fixed to bring back cool air circulation.
2. Heating System Repair Work: Whether it's a faulty thermostat or a broken heater igniter, no cold night goes unaddressed.
3. Ductwork Repair work: Leaky ducts can lose energy and minimize indoor air quality. Fixing these hidden perpetrators is a game changer.
4. Thermostat Calibration: Precision in temperature level control ensures your system runs efficiently, saving energy and cash.
5. Emergency Situation A/c Services: When your system fails suddenly, timely repair work minimize downtime and pain.

Envision strolling into your home after a blistering day, welcomed by a fresh, completely conditioned breeze. Or snuggling on a frosty night, confident your heating won't betray you. These aren't simply fantasies-- Bold City Heating and Air makes them reality with every repair work.

Why choose less when the best HVAC repair near me can deal with whatever from minor glitches to major malfunctions? Bold City Heating and Air does not simply repair systems-- they bring back peace of mind and comfort to your home.

Typical A/c Problems and Solutions

When your a/c sputters and stalls on the most popular day, it seems like deep space is playing a vicious joke. One of the most regular offenders? A clogged air filter. Dust, family pet hair, and particles choke the air flow, requiring your system to work overtime and eventually fail. Ever question why your energy costs suddenly surge? That's your heating and cooling system gasping under pressure.

Bold City Heating and Air understands the subtle signs that often go unnoticed till it's practically far too late. A whisper of odd sounds or a faint burning odor can signify internal concerns that, if resolved swiftly, prevent expensive replacements.

Leading HVAC Problems Deciphered

• Refrigerant leakages-- Invisible yet impactful, these leakages undermine cooling performance and can damage the environment.
• Thermostat malfunctions-- In some cases the offender isn't the system however the brain behind it, misreading temperatures and sending out combined signals.
• Frozen coils-- Often an outcome of bad air flow or low refrigerant, these icy wrongdoers stop cooling entirely.

Specialist Tips to Keep Your System in Peak Forming

1. Modification filters every 1-3 months; it's the easiest show the most significant reward.
2. Inspect condensate drains for obstructions to prevent water damage and mold buildup.
3. Seal duct leaks to enhance efficiency-- often a couple of inches of tape save you hundreds.

Have you ever noticed your system biking on and off like a worried heartbeat? That brief cycling is a warning that Bold City Heating and Air instantly recognizes. Bold City Heating and Air. They dive deep, detecting with accuracy, guaranteeing your a/c doesn't just limp along however grows. Their method transforms anxiety into relief, turning technical headaches into cool comfort

Selecting a Dependable A/c Repair Specialist

When your air conditioner sputters out in the peak of summer, or your heating unit declines to warm a chilly night, you don't just desire any technician-- you desire someone who comprehends the heartbeat of your home's a/c system. Not every service technician has the flair for identifying the sly culprits behind ineffective cooling or heating. Envision calling someone who covers the issue momentarily, only to have the system fail once again days later. Aggravating, right?

Bold City Heating and Air knows that dependability isn't simply about showing up; it has to do with revealing up prepared. Their professionals show up equipped with diagnostic tools that dive much deeper than surface signs, recording the real essence of the malfunction. They do not just replace parts; they unwind the story your system is informing. Have you ever wondered why your energy bills increase inexplicably? In some cases, it's a subtle refrigerant leak or a blocked filter that's easy to neglect however costly if neglected.

Expert Tips for Finding a Competent A/c Professional

• Certification and Licensing: Verify qualifications-- experienced pros back their deal with acknowledged certifications.
• Transparent Price Quotes: Try to find clear explanations, not unclear quotes that evade the information.
• Diagnostic Technique: Professionals utilize organized checks-- no guesswork, just precise analytical.
• Interaction Abilities: Can they explain repairs without jargon? That's a sign they appreciate your understanding.
• Parts Quality Awareness: They should focus on long lasting elements, not quick fixes that fade quick.

Bold City Heating and Air thrives on an approach that a/c repair work is less about quick fixes and more about long-lived options crafted with care. They accept the complexity of each system, turning what might appear like an overwhelming repair work into a smooth, transparent process. Like a proficient detective, they decipher the peculiarities of your system, ensuring that your comfort isn't simply restored, however enhanced.

Decoding the Expenses Behind HVAC Repair Providers

Ever noticed how a basic HVAC repair work can sometimes spiral into a wallet-busting ordeal? The fact depends on the maze of covert elements that affect repair expenses. From the extent of the damage to the age of your system, these elements weave an intricate narrative.

Envision a cold night where your air conditioner sputters and stops working. You call for heating and cooling repair near me, and all of a sudden, you're confronted with a quote that seems like a cryptic puzzle (Bold City Heating and Air). What exactly drives these numbers?

Crucial Element Influencing Repair Work Expenses

• Intensity of the Problem: Minor glitches like thermostat malfunctions cost less compared to compressor or coil replacements.
• Devices Age: Older systems typically require more substantial repairs or part replacements, which hikes the price.
• Labor Intricacy: Difficult-to-access units demand more time and competence, naturally increasing labor costs.
• Replacement Parts: Genuine parts versus generic ones, accessibility, and shipping can swing expenses widely.
• Emergency situation Service: Repair work done outside regular hours generally include premium charges.

Bold City Heating and Air knows these intricacies like the back of their hand. They've seen firsthand how a cracked blower wheel or a blocked condensate drain can become a costly ordeal if disregarded. Their service technicians do not simply restore-- they diagnose with accuracy, guaranteeing you pay for what's needed, not a cent more.

Here's a pro suggestion: regular assessment of your heating and cooling system's filters and condensate lines can prevent little problems from snowballing. Did you know a clogged filter can force your unit to work overtime, triggering wear that requires pricey repair work?

Does your heating and cooling repair price quote feel like a shot in the dark? Bold City Heating and Air's transparency and expertise brighten the procedure, guiding you through what each expense implies. After all, understanding these factors can turn a stressful repair work into a manageable investment in your house's convenience.

Dependable Air Conditioning Service in Jacksonville, FL

Jacksonville, FL is a lively city understood for its comprehensive park system, gorgeous beaches, and dynamic riverfront. As the most populous city in Florida, it provides a varied economy with strong sectors in financing, logistics, and healthcare. The city's warm climate makes effective and trustworthy a/c systems necessary for locals and organizations alike to remain comfy year-round.

For those looking for specialist guidance and expert heating and cooling repair near me, Bold City Heating and Air can supply a free assessment to help attend to any cooling or heating issues effectively. They are prepared to assist with all your a/c requires.

1. Downtown Jacksonville: Downtown Jacksonville represents the main commercial area of Jacksonville, Florida, known for its vibrant mix of heritage architecture and modern skyscrapers. It features cultural sites, parks along the water, and a selection of dining and entertainment options.
2. Southside: Southside is a dynamic district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its blend of housing areas, retail hubs, and business districts. It offers a combination of urban convenience and suburban comfort, making it a well-liked area for households and workers.
3. Northside: Northside is a large district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its diverse communities and industrial areas. It features a combination of residential neighborhoods, parks, and commercial zones, supporting the city's growth and development.
4. Westside: Westside is a dynamic district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its multicultural community and deep cultural heritage. It features a mix of residential areas, shops, and parks, offering a special blend of city and suburban life.
5. Arlington: Arlington is a dynamic district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its blend of residential neighborhoods and business districts. It features green spaces, malls, and access to the St. Johns River, making it a well-liked area for households and outdoor enthusiasts.
6. Mandarin: Mandarin stands as a historic district in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its picturesque riverfront views and charming small-town atmosphere. It offers lush parks, local shops, and a rich cultural heritage dating back to the 19th century.
7. San Marco: San Marco is a dynamic neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its heritage architecture and picturesque town center. It offers a mix of unique shops, restaurants, and cultural attractions, making it a popular destination for residents and visitors alike.
8. Riverside: Riverside is a dynamic area in Jacksonville, FL, known for its heritage architecture and thriving arts scene. It offers a variety of distinctive shops, restaurants, and picturesque riverfront parks, making it a popular destination for residents and visitors alike.
9. Avondale: Avondale is a delightful neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its historic architecture and vibrant local shops. It offers a blend of residential areas, trendy restaurants, and cultural attractions along the St. Johns River.
10. Ortega: Ortega is a historic and picturesque neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its lovely waterfront homes and shady streets. It offers a pleasant blend of old Southern architecture and up-to-date amenities, making it a desirable residential area.
11. Murray Hill: Murray Hill is a dynamic heritage neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its appealing bungalows and eclectic local businesses. It offers a blend of housing comfort and a vibrant arts and dining scene, making it a popular destination for residents and visitors alike.
12. Springfield: Springfield is a heritage neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its quaint early 20th-century architecture and lively community. It features a blend of residential homes, local businesses, and cultural attractions, making it a well-liked area for both residents and visitors.
13. East Arlington: East Arlington is a dynamic neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its varied community and convenient access to retail and leisure spots. It features a blend of residential homes, parks, and local businesses, making it a desirable place to live.
14. Fort Caroline: Fort Caroline is a historic district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its deep colonial history and closeness to the site of the 16th-century French fort. It includes a mix of residential areas, parks, and cultural landmarks that reflect its heritage.
15. Greater Arlington: Greater Arlington in Jacksonville, FL, is a lively district known for its neighborhoods, retail hubs, and recreational areas. It offers a combination of suburban living with easy access to downtown Jacksonville and waterfront locations.
16. Intracoastal West: Intracoastal West is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its beautiful waterways and close proximity to the Intracoastal Waterway. It offers a combination of living and commercial spaces, providing a special mix of urban convenience and natural beauty.
17. Jacksonville Beaches: Jacksonville Beaches is a vibrant coastal locale in Jacksonville, FL, known for its beautiful beaches and peaceful atmosphere. It features a blend of living communities, nearby stores, and leisure activities along the Atlantic Ocean.
18. Neptune Beach: Neptune Beach is a pleasant coastal community located in Jacksonville FL, known for its gorgeous beaches and laid-back atmosphere. It offers a mix of housing areas, local shops, and dining options, making it a favored destination for both residents and visitors.
19. Atlantic Beach: Atlantic Beach is a coastal community located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its stunning beaches and relaxed atmosphere. It offers a mix of residential areas, local shops, and outdoor recreational activities along the Atlantic Ocean.
20. Jackson Beach: Jacksonville Beach is a vibrant beachside community in Jacksonville, FL, known for its beautiful sandy shores and bustling boardwalk. It offers a mix of residential neighborhoods, local shops, restaurants, and recreational activities, making it a popular destination for both residents and visitors.
21. Baldwin: Baldwin is a quiet locale located within Duval County, near Jacksonville FL, Florida, known for its charming charm and tight-knit community. It features a blend of housing areas, local businesses, and scenic parks, offering a quiet, suburban atmosphere.
22. Oceanway: Oceanway is a living neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its suburban atmosphere and family-friendly amenities. It features a range of housing options, parks, and local businesses, making it a favored area for residents seeking a community-oriented environment.
23. South Jacksonville: South Jacksonville is a lively district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its living communities and local businesses. It offers a mix of historic charm and up-to-date facilities, making it a well-liked area for families and career people.
24. Deerwood: Deerwood is a well-known neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its upscale residential communities and well-maintained green spaces. It offers a mix of luxury homes, golf courses, and close access to shopping and dining options.
25. Baymeadows: Baymeadows is a dynamic district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its blend of residential neighborhoods and commercial areas. It offers a range of shopping, dining, and recreational options, making it a favored destination for locals and visitors alike.
26. Bartram Park: Bartram Park is a vibrant neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its modern residential communities and closeness to nature. It offers a mix of urban amenities and outdoor recreational opportunities, making it a well-liked choice for families and professionals.
27. Nocatee: Nocatee is a designed community located near Jacksonville, FL, known for its welcoming atmosphere and comprehensive amenities. It features parks, paths, and recreational facilities, making it a preferred choice for residents seeking a vibrant suburban lifestyle.
28. Brooklyn: Brooklyn is a vibrant district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its historic charm and friendly community. It includes a combination of residential homes, shops, and heritage sites that reflect the area's deep history.
29. LaVilla: LaVilla is a historical area in Jacksonville FL, recognized for its rich heritage legacy and vibrant arts environment. Once a thriving African American society, it had a major role in the city's music and entertainment past.
30. Durkeeville: Durkeeville is a historic area in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its robust African American heritage and active community. It features a combination of residential areas, local businesses, and cultural landmarks that showcase its strong foundation in the city's history.
31. Fairfax: Fairfax is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its historic charm and tight-knit community. It features a mix of residences, shops, and parks, offering a welcoming atmosphere for residents and visitors alike.
32. Lackawanna: Lackawanna is a living neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its tranquil streets and community atmosphere. It features a mix of detached houses and local businesses, contributing to its cozy vibe within the city.
33. New Town: New Town is a well-known neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its strong community spirit and vast cultural heritage. It offers a mix of residential areas, local businesses, and community organizations striving to revamp and upgrade the district.
34. Panama Park: Panama Park is a living neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its peaceful streets and neighborly atmosphere. It offers simple access to local facilities and parks, making it an appealing area for households and professionals.
35. Talleyrand: Talleyrand is a historic neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its living charm and proximity to the St. Johns River. The area offers a mix of vintage homes and local businesses, reflecting its vibrant community heritage.
36. Dinsmore: Dinsmore is a housing neighborhood located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its quiet streets and community-oriented atmosphere. It features a mix of single-family homes and local amenities, offering a suburban feel within the city.
37. Garden City: Garden City is a vibrant neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its blend of houses and local businesses. It offers a friendly community atmosphere with convenient access to city amenities.
38. Grand Park: Grand Park is a vibrant neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its historic charm and diverse community. It features tree-lined streets, local parks, and a variety of small businesses that contribute to its welcoming atmosphere.
39. Highlands: Highlands is a dynamic neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL known for its pleasant residential streets and local parks. It offers a mix of historic homes and modern amenities, creating a welcoming community atmosphere.
40. Lake Forest: Lake Forest is a living neighborhood located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its quiet streets and kid-friendly atmosphere. It features a mix of private residences, parks, and local amenities, making it a desirable community for residents.
41. Paxon: Paxon is a living neighborhood located in the western part of Jacksonville, Florida, known for its mixed community and budget-friendly housing. It features a mix of standalone residences and local businesses, contributing to its close-knit, suburban atmosphere.
42. Ribault: Ribault is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its diverse community and residential charm. It features a mix of historic homes and local businesses, adding to its unique cultural identity.
43. Sherwood Forest: Sherwood Forest is a residential neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its leafy streets and kid-friendly atmosphere. It features a combination of traditional and modern homes, offering a tranquil suburban feel close to city amenities.
44. Whitehouse: Whitehouse is a residential neighborhood located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its quiet streets and community-oriented atmosphere. It features a mix of single-family homes and local amenities, making it a popular area for families and professionals.
45. Cedar Hills: Cedar Hills is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its varied community and quick access to local amenities. It offers a combination of residential and commercial areas, contributing to its dynamic and friendly environment.
46. Grove Park: Grove Park is a living neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its charming historic homes and tree-filled streets. It offers a friendly community atmosphere with convenient access to downtown services and parks.
47. Holiday Hill: Holiday Hill is a housing neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its peaceful streets and friendly community. It offers quick access to local parks, schools, and shopping centers, making it a desirable area for families.
48. Southwind Lakes: Southwind Lakes is a housing neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL known for its peaceful lakes and tidy community spaces. It offers a calm suburban atmosphere with close access to local amenities and parks.
49. Secret Cove: Secret Cove is a serene waterfront neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its peaceful atmosphere and scenic views. It offers a mix of residential homes and natural landscapes, making it a popular spot for outdoor enthusiasts and families.
50. Englewood: Englewood is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its diverse community and deep cultural heritage. It offers a combination of residential areas, local businesses, and recreational spaces, making it a lively part of the city.
51. St Nicholas: St. Nicholas is a historic neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its charming early 20th-century architecture and dynamic community atmosphere. It offers a combination of residential homes, local businesses, and cultural landmarks, making it a unique and inviting area within the city.
52. San Jose: San Jose is a lively district in Jacksonville, FL, known for its housing areas and shopping zones. It offers a mix of suburban lifestyle with easy access to green spaces, retail options, and restaurants.
53. Pickwick Park: Pickwick Park is a residential neighborhood in Jacksonville FL, known for its tranquil streets and community-oriented atmosphere. It offers a mix of detached houses and local amenities, making it a appealing area for families and professionals.
54. Lakewood: Lakewood is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL known for its historic charm and diverse community. It features a mix of residences, local shops, and parks, offering a welcoming atmosphere for residents and visitors alike.
55. Galway: Galway is a housing neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its residential atmosphere and community-oriented living. It features a combination of single-family homes and local amenities, providing a peaceful and kid-friendly environment.
56. Beauclerc: Beauclerc is a living neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its peaceful streets and kid-friendly atmosphere. It offers a mix of detached houses and local amenities, making it a favored choice for residents seeking a suburban atmosphere within the city.
57. Goodby's Creek: Goodby's Creek is a housing neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its quiet atmosphere and proximity to nature. It offers a mix of residential living with convenient access to nearby amenities and parks.
58. Loretto: Loretto is a traditional neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its attractive residential streets and tight-knit community atmosphere. It features a blend of architectural styles and offers easy access to downtown Jacksonville and nearby parks.
59. Sheffield: Sheffield is a housing neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its calm streets and friendly atmosphere. It features a mix of single-family homes and local parks, making it a popular area for families.
60. Sunbeam: Sunbeam is a vibrant neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its quaint residential streets and tight-knit community spirit. It offers a combination of historic homes and local businesses, creating a inviting atmosphere for residents and visitors alike.
61. Killarney Shores: Killarney Shores is a housing neighborhood in Jacksonville FL, Florida, renowned for its peaceful streets and close-knit community. It gives easy access to local parks, schools, and shopping centers, which makes it a appealing area for families.
62. Royal Lakes: Royal Lakes is a living neighborhood in Jacksonville FL, known for its tranquil environment and welcoming atmosphere. It features carefully maintained homes, local parks, and simple access to nearby schools and shopping centers.
63. Craig Industrial Park: Craig Industrial Park is a industrial and manufacturing area in Jacksonville, FL, known for its mix of storage facilities, manufacturing facilities, and distribution centers. It serves as a important hub for local businesses and contributes substantially to the city's economy.
64. Eastport: Eastport is a lively neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its historic charm and riverside views. It offers a combination of residential areas, local businesses, and recreational spaces along the St. Johns River.
65. Yellow Bluff: Yellow Bluff is a residential neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its quiet streets and close-knit community. It offers a mix of suburban homes and local amenities, providing a comfortable living environment.
66. Normandy Village: Normandy Village is a housing area in Jacksonville, FL, famous for its mid-century homes and family-oriented setting. It provides easy access to nearby recreational areas, schools, and retail centers, making it a preferred choice for residents.
67. Argyle Forest: Argyle Forest is a residential neighborhood in Jacksonville, FL, known for its family-friendly atmosphere and convenient access to retail and schools. It features a combination of single-family homes, parks, and recreational amenities, which makes it a well-liked choice for living in the suburbs.
68. Cecil Commerce Center: Cecil Commerce Center is a large industrial and commercial district in Jacksonville FL, known for its strategic location and comprehensive transportation infrastructure. It serves as a center for logistics, manufacturing, & distribution businesses, contributing significantly to the local economy.
69. Venetia: Venetia is a housing neighborhood in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its peaceful streets and suburban atmosphere. It offers close access to local parks, schools, and shopping centers, making it a popular area for families.
70. Ortega Forest: Ortega Forest is a pleasant housing community in Jacksonville, FL, known for its historic homes and green, tree-lined streets. It offers a quiet suburban atmosphere while being quickly close to downtown Jacksonville.
71. Timuquana: Timuquana is a living neighborhood located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its quiet streets and public parks. It offers a variety of single-family homes and close proximity to local facilities and schools.
72. San Jose Forest: San Jose Forest is a housing neighborhood located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its verdant greenery and welcoming atmosphere. The area features a variety of detached houses and local parks, offering a quiet suburban environment.
73. E-Town: E-Town is a vibrant neighborhood located in Jacksonville, Florida, known for its varied community and historic significance. It features a blend of residential areas, local businesses, and cultural landmarks that contribute to its unique character.

1. Air Conditioning Installation: Correct placement of cooling systems ensures good and comfortable indoor climates. This crucial process guarantees optimal performance and durability of climate control units.
2. Air Conditioner: Air Conditioners chill inside spaces by extracting heat and moisture. Proper installation by qualified technicians ensures efficient performance and optimal climate control.
3. Hvac: Hvac systems govern temperature and air quality. They are vital for creating environmental control answers in structures.
4. Thermostat: The Thermostat is the primary component for adjusting temperature in HVAC systems. It signals the cooling unit to activate and deactivate, maintaining the preferred indoor environment.
5. Refrigerant: Refrigerant is crucial for cooling systems, absorbing heat to generate cool air. Correct treatment of refrigerants is vital during HVAC setup for efficient and safe operation.
6. Compressor: The Compressor is the component of your cooling system, pressurizing refrigerant. This process is essential for efficient temperature regulation in climate control setups.
7. Evaporator Coil: An Evaporator Coil absorbs heat from indoor air, bringing it down. This component is vital for effective climate control system setup in buildings.
8. Condenser Coil: The Condenser Coil serves as an essential component in refrigeration systems, dissipating heat outside. It facilitates the heat transfer needed for effective indoor climate management.
9. Ductwork: Ductwork is necessary for spreading cooled air all through a building. Suitable duct planning and arrangement are vital for successful climate regulation system placement.
10. Ventilation: Effective Ventilation is important for suitable air flow and indoor air standard. It plays a critical role in ensuring peak performance and efficiency of climate control systems.
11. Heat Pump: Heat Pumps transfer heat, providing both heating and cooling. They are vital components in modern climate control system setups, offering energy-efficient temperature regulation.
12. Split System: Split System offer both heating and cooling through an indoor unit connected to an outdoor compressor. They offer a ductless answer for temperature control in certain rooms or areas.
13. Central Air Conditioning: Central air conditioning systems cool whole homes from a sole, powerful unit. Correct installation of these systems is essential for streamlined and functional home chilling.
14. Energy Efficiency Ratio: Energy Efficiency Ratio measures cooling effectiveness: higher Energy Efficiency Ratio indicates improved operation and lower energy use for climate control systems. Choosing a unit with a high Energy Efficiency Ratio can significantly lower long-term costs when setting up a new climate control system.
15. Variable Speed Compressor: Variable Speed Compressor change refrigeration output to meet need, boosting efficiency and convenience in climate control systems. This precise modulation reduces energy waste and preserves consistent thermals in building environments.
16. Compressor Maintenance: Maintaining compressors ensures effective performance and longevity in cooling systems. Neglecting it can lead to expensive repairs or system breakdowns when establishing climate control.
17. Air Filter: Air Filter trap dust and debris, ensuring pure airflow within HVAC systems. This enhances system efficiency and indoor air condition throughout climate control process.
18. Installation Manual: An Installation Manual gives key direction for appropriately setting up a cooling system. It guarantees proper procedures are used for optimal performance and safety during the unit's setup.
19. Electrical Wiring: Electrical Wiring is essential for powering and regulating the parts of climate control systems. Suitable wiring ensures safe and efficient operation of the cooling and heating units.
20. Indoor Unit: Indoor Unit distributes conditioned air inside a space. This is a vital component for climate control systems, making sure of correct temp control in buildings.
21. Outdoor Unit: This Outdoor Unit houses the compressor and condenser, releasing heat outside. It's essential for a complete climate control system setup, ensuring effective cooling inside.
22. Maintenance: Routine upkeep ensures effective performance and lengthens the lifespan of climate control systems. Proper Maintenance prevents failures and improves the performance of installed cooling setups.
23. Energy Efficiency: Energy Efficiency is essential for lowering energy use and expenses when setting up new climate control systems. Prioritizing effective equipment and suitable installation minimizes environmental impact and increases long-term savings.
24. Thermodynamics: Thermo explains how heat transfers and converts energy, crucial for cooling setup setup. Efficient climate control design relies on Thermodynamics principles to optimize energy use during setup placement.
25. Building Codes: Construction regulations assure suitable and secure HVAC system arrangement in buildings. They control aspects such as energy efficiency and ventilation for climate control systems.
26. Load Calculation: Load Calculation determines the warming and chilling needs of a room. This is vital for selecting correctly dimensioned HVAC equipment for efficient climate control.
27. Mini Split: Mini Splits provide a no-duct approach to climate control, providing focused heating and cooling. Their ease of placement renders them suitable for spaces where adding ductwork for temperature control is unfeasible.
28. Air Handler: An Air Handler moves conditioned air around a building. It is a vital component for correct climate control system setup.
29. Insulation: Thermal protection is crucial for maintaining effective temperature regulation within a building. It reduces heat transfer, reducing the workload on cooling systems and optimizing temperature setups.
30. Drainage System: Drainage systems clear liquids created by cooling equipment. Correct drainage avoids water damage and ensures effective operation of HVAC setups.
31. Filter: Strainers are crucial components that remove contaminants from the air throughout the installation of climate control systems. This guarantees purer air flow and safeguards the system's inner components.
32. Heating Ventilation And Air Conditioning: Heating Ventilation And Air Conditioning systems control inside climate by regulating temperature, humidity, and air condition. Proper installation of these systems ensures efficient and effective refrigeration and climate control within buildings.
33. Split System Air Conditioner: Split System Air Conditioner offer efficient cooling and heating by separating the compressor and condenser from the air handler. Their structure eases the process of setting up climate control in residences and businesses.
34. Hvac Technician: Hvac Technicians are qualified experts who specialize in the setup of climate control systems. They guarantee proper operation and effectiveness of these systems for maximum indoor comfort.
35. Indoor Air Quality: The quality of indoor air greatly impacts well-being and health, so HVAC system setup should emphasize filtration and ventilation. Proper system design and installation is essential for optimizing air quality.
36. Condensate Drain: This Condensate Drain eliminates water generated during the cooling process, stopping harm and keeping system efficiency. Correct drain assembly is crucial for successful climate control device and extended performance.
37. Variable Refrigerant Flow: Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) systems precisely regulate refrigerant amount to different zones, providing customized cooling and heating. This technology is vital for establishing effective and adaptable climate control in building environments.
38. Building Automation System: Building Automation System coordinate and optimize the functioning of HVAC equipment. This leads to improved temperature regulation and power savings in buildings.
39. Air Conditioning: HVAC systems regulate indoor temperature and atmosphere. Proper installation of these systems is vital for efficient and effective Air Conditioning.
40. Temperature Control: Precise temperature control is essential for effective climate control system installation. It ensures peak performance and comfort in new cooling systems.
41. Thermistor: Thermistors are thermistors used in climate control systems to accurately measure air temperature. This data assists to control system operation, ensuring optimal performance and energy efficiency in environmental control setups.
42. Thermocouple: Thermocouples are devices vital for guaranteeing proper HVAC system setup. They correctly assess temperature, enabling precise modifications and excellent climate control performance.
43. Digital Thermostat: Digital Thermostats accurately control temperature, improving HVAC system operation. They are important for establishing home climate control systems, guaranteeing effective and pleasant environments.
44. Programmable Thermostat: Programmable Thermostats optimize HVAC systems by allowing customized temperature routines. This leads to enhanced energy efficiency and comfort in home cooling setups.
45. Smart Thermostat: Smart thermostats improve house climate control by learning user preferences and adjusting the temperature automatically. They play a critical role in modern HVAC system configurations, enhancing energy savings and convenience.
46. Bimetallic Strip: A bimetallic strip, made up of two metals that have different expansion rates, curves in response to temperature variations. This characteristic is used in HVAC systems to control thermostats and regulate heating or cooling processes.
47. Capillary Tube Thermostat: The Capillary Tube Thermostat accurately regulates temperature in cooling systems through remote sensing. The component is essential for keeping desired climate control within buildings.
48. Thermostatic Expansion Valve: This Thermostatic Expansion Valve regulates refrigerant stream into the evaporator, maintaining ideal cooling. This part is critical for efficient operation of refrigeration and climate control systems in buildings.
49. Setpoint: Setpoint is the desired temperature a climate control system aims to achieve. It guides the system's performance during climate management configurations to maintain desired comfort degrees.
50. Temperature Sensor: Temperature Sensors are crucial for controlling warming, air flow, and cooling systems by monitoring air temperature and assuring optimal climate control. Their data aids improve system performance during climate control installation and maintenance.
51. Feedback Loop: A Feedback Loop assists in regulating temperature during climate control system setup by constantly monitoring and modifying settings. This ensures peak performance and energy efficiency of installed residential cooling.
52. Control System: Control Systems control temperature, humidity, and airflow in air conditioning setups. These systems assure peak comfort and energy efficiency in temperature-controlled environments.
53. Thermal Equilibrium: Thermal Equilibrium is reached when parts reach the same temperature, crucial for effective climate control system setup. Proper balance assures optimal performance and energy savings in installed cooling systems.
54. Thermal Conductivity: Thermal Conductivity dictates how efficiently materials conduct heat, impacting the cooling system configuration. Selecting materials with fitting thermal properties assures optimal performance of installed climate control systems.
55. Thermal Insulation: Thermal insulation minimizes heat flow, making sure of efficient cooling by lessening the workload on climate control systems. This boosts energy efficiency and keeps consistent temperatures in buildings.
56. On Off Control: On-Off Control keeps desired temperatures by completely turning on or turning off cooling systems. This easy method is important for controlling climate within buildings during environmental control system configuration .
57. Pid Controller: PID Controllers accurately regulate temperature in HVAC systems. This ensures efficient climate control during facility climate configuration and operation.
58. Evaporator: The Evaporator absorbs heat from within a location, cooling the air. This is a critical component in climate control systems created for indoor comfort.
59. Condenser: This Condenser unit is a vital part in cooling systems, rejecting heat removed from the indoor space to the outside environment. Its proper setup is crucial for effective climate control system location and performance.
60. Chlorofluorocarbon: Chlorofluorocarbons have been once widely used refrigerants that facilitated refrigeration in many building systems. Their part has decreased due to environmental concerns about ozone depletion.
61. Hydrofluorocarbon: Hydrofluorocarbons are coolants frequently used in refrigeration systems for buildings and cars. Their proper treatment is essential during the setup of environmental control systems to prevent environmental damage and ensure efficient operation.
62. Hydrochlorofluorocarbon: Hydrochlorofluorocarbons were once regularly used coolants in climate control systems for structures. Their elimination has resulted in the implementation of more sustainable options for new HVAC setups.
63. Global Warming Potential: Global Warming Potential (GWP) indicates how much a certain mass of greenhouse gas adds to global warming over a set period relative to carbon dioxide. Selecting refrigerants with less GWP is key when building climate control systems to minimize environmental impact.
64. Ozone Depletion: Ozone Depletion from refrigerants poses environmental dangers. Technicians servicing cooling systems must adhere to regulations to prevent further damage.
65. Phase Change: Phase Change of refrigerants are key for effectively moving heat in climate control systems. Evaporation and condensation cycles allow cooling by taking in heat indoors and expelling it outdoors.
66. Heat Transfer: Heat Transfer principles are key for effective climate control system setup. Grasping conduction, convection, and radiation ensures peak system performance and energy efficiency during the process of installing home cooling.
67. Refrigeration Cycle: The cooling process transfers heat, enabling refrigeration in HVAC systems. Correct installation and maintenance make sure of efficient performance and longevity of these cooling options.
68. Environmental Protection Agency: The Environmental Protection Agency regulates refrigerants and establishes standards for HVAC system maintenance to safeguard the ozone layer and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Technicians working with cooling equipment must be certified to guarantee correct refrigerant handling and prevent environmental damage.
69. Leak Detection: Leak Detection assures the soundness of refrigerant lines after climate control system placement. Identifying and fixing leaks is crucial for peak function and environmental safety of newly installed climate control systems.
70. Pressure Gauge: Pressure Gauge are essential tools for observing refrigerant levels during HVAC system installation. They guarantee optimal performance and prevent damage by verifying pressures are within defined ranges for proper cooling operation.
71. Expansion Valve: This Expansion Valve governs refrigerant flow in refrigeration systems, enabling efficient heat absorption. It is a key component for optimal performance in environmental control setups.
72. Cooling Capacity: Cooling Capacity decides how effectively a system can lower the temperature of a room. Selecting the correct capacity is important for optimal performance in environmental control system placement.
73. Refrigerant Recovery: Refrigerant Recovery is the method of removing and keeping refrigerants during HVAC system setups. Correctly recovering refrigerants stops environmental harm and ensures efficient new cooling equipment placements.
74. Refrigerant Recycling: Refrigerant Recycling reclaims and recycles refrigerants, reducing environmental impact. This process is crucial when setting up climate control systems, guaranteeing proper handling and preventing ozone depletion.
75. Safety Data Sheet: Safety Data Sheets (SDS) supply vital information on the safe handling and potential hazards of chemicals utilized in cooling system installation. Technicians use SDS data to protect themselves and avoid accidents during HVAC equipment placement and connection.
76. Synthetic Refrigerant: Synthetic Refrigerants are essential liquids utilized in refrigeration systems to transfer heat. Their correct handling is essential for effective climate control installation and maintenance.
77. Heat Exchange: Heat Exchange is vital for chilling buildings, allowing effective temperature control. It's a key process in climate control system setup, assisting the movement of heat to offer comfortable indoor spaces.
78. Cooling Cycle: Cooling Cycle is the key process of heat removal, utilizing refrigerant to take in and release heat. This cycle is vital for effective climate control system setup in buildings.
79. Scroll Compressor: Scroll compressors effectively compress refrigerant for cooling systems. They are a vital component for efficient temperature regulation in buildings.
80. Reciprocating Compressor: Piston Compressors are vital components that compress refrigerant in cooling systems. They facilitate heat exchange, enabling efficient climate control within structures.
81. Centrifugal Compressor: Centrifugal Compressors are key components that boost refrigerant stress in large-scale climate management systems. They efficiently circulate refrigerant, allowing effective refrigeration and heating across wide areas.
82. Rotary Compressor: Rotary Compressors represent a vital component in refrigeration systems, employing a spinning mechanism to compress refrigerant. Their effectiveness and reduced size render them ideal for climate control setups in different applications.
83. Compressor Motor: The Compressor Motor is the driving force for the cooling process, circulating refrigerant. It is essential for proper climate control system setup and operation in buildings.
84. Compressor Oil: Compressor Oil oils and protects moving parts within a systems' compressor, ensuring efficient refrigerant pressurization for suitable climate control. It is crucial to select the correct type of oil throughout system installation to ensure longevity and optimal function of the cooling appliance.
85. Pressure Switch: A Pressure Switch checks refrigerant stages, guaranteeing the system works safely. It stops damage by turning off the cooling apparatus if pressure drops beyond the ok spectrum.
86. Compressor Relay: The Compressor Relay is an electrical switch that controls the compressor motor in cooling systems. It ensures the compressor begins and ceases properly, enabling effective temperature regulation within climate control setups.
87. Suction Line: A Suction Line, a essential component in cooling systems, transports refrigerant vapor from the evaporator back the compressor. Correct sizing and insulation of this line is critical for effective system performance during climate control setup.
88. Discharge Line: The discharge line carries hot, high-pressure refrigerant gas from the compressor to the condenser. Proper sizing and setup of the discharge line are essential for optimal cooling system setup.
89. Compressor Capacity: Compressor Capacity dictates the cooling capability of a system for indoor temperature control. Choosing the right size ensures efficient temperature control during climate control setup.
90. Cooling Load: Cooling Load is the volume of heat that needs to be taken away from a space to keep a desired temperature. Accurate cooling load calculation is crucial for proper HVAC system installation and sizing.
91. Air Conditioning Repair: Air Conditioning Repair ensures systems function optimally after they are setup. It's vital for maintaining effective climate control systems installed.
92. Refrigerant Leak: Refrigerant Leaks reduce cooling effectiveness and can result in equipment failure. Addressing these leaks is essential for proper climate control system configuration, assuring peak operation and longevity.
93. Seer Rating: SEER score indicates an HVAC system's refrigeration performance, affecting long-term energy expenses. Higher SEER values mean greater energy conservation when establishing climate control.
94. Hspf Rating: HSPF rating indicates the heating efficiency of heat pumps. Higher ratings indicate better energy effectiveness during climate control configuration.
95. Preventative Maintenance: Preventative servicing guarantees HVAC systems function efficiently and dependably after setup. Regular upkeep reduces failures and increases the lifespan of climate control systems.
96. Airflow: Airflow guarantees effective cooling and heating distribution across a building. Suitable Airflow is essential for prime performance and comfort in climate control systems.
97. Electrical Components: Electrical Components are vital for energizing and controlling systems that regulate indoor climate. They guarantee correct functioning, safety, and efficiency in heating and cooling arrangements.
98. Refrigerant Charging: Refrigerant Charging is the method of introducing the right quantity of refrigerant to a cooling system. This ensures best operation and effectiveness when setting up climate control units.
99. System Diagnosis: System Diagnosis identifies potential issues prior to, during, and after HVAC system setup. It guarantees peak function and prevents future problems in climate control installations.
100. Hvac System: Hvac System govern temperature, moisture, and atmosphere quality in structures. They are essential for setting up climate control solutions in residential and commercial areas.
101. Ductless Air Conditioning: Ductless systems offer targeted cooling and heating without large ductwork. They make easier climate control installation in spaces that lack pre-existing duct systems.
102. Window Air Conditioner: Window air conditioners are standalone devices placed in windows to cool individual spaces. They offer a straightforward way for specific climate control inside a building.
103. Portable Air Conditioner: Portable Air Conditioner units provide a flexible cooling option for spaces lacking central systems. They can also offer short-term temperature regulation during HVAC system setups.
104. System Inspection: System check ensures correct installation of cooling systems by confirming part integrity and compliance to installation standards. This procedure guarantees effective operation and prevents future malfunctions in climate control setups.
105. Coil Cleaning: Cleaning coils ensures efficient heat transfer, crucial for peak system performance. This maintenance process is vital for correct setup of climate control systems.
106. Refrigerant Recharge: Refrigerant Recharge is essential for recovering cooling capacity in climate control systems. It guarantees peak operation and lifespan of recently installed temperature regulation devices.
107. Capacitor: These devices provide the necessary energy increase to start and operate motors inside of climate control systems. Their correct function ensures efficient and reliable operation of the cooling unit.
108. Contactor: A Contactor serves as an electrical switch that controls power to the outdoor unit's components. It allows the cooling system to turn on when needed.
109. Blower Motor: This Blower Motor moves air through the ductwork, allowing for effective heating and cooling distribution within a building. It's a key component for indoor climate control systems, assuring consistent temperature and airflow.
110. Overheating: Overheating can severely hamper the performance of recently installed climate control systems. Technicians must fix this issue to ensure effective and reliable cooling operation.
111. Troubleshooting: Troubleshooting identifies and resolves problems that occur during climate control system setup. Sound troubleshooting ensures best system performance and stops later problems during building cooling appliance fitting.
112. Refrigerant Reclaiming: Refrigerant Reclaiming retrieves and reclaims spent refrigerants. This process is essential for environmentally responsible climate control system setup.
113. Global Warming: Global Warming increases the demand or for cooling systems, requiring demanding more frequent setups installations. This heightened increased need drives fuels innovation in energy-efficient power-saving climate control solutions options.
114. Montreal Protocol: The Montreal Protocol eliminates ozone-depleting materials used in cooling systems. This shift requires utilizing alternative refrigerants in new environmental control setups.
115. Greenhouse Gas: Greenhouse gases trap heat, affecting the power efficiency and environmental footprint of weather control system configurations. Selecting refrigerants with lower global warming potential is essential for sustainable weather control implementation.
116. Cfc: CFCs were formerly vital refrigerants in cooling systems for buildings and vehicles. Their use has been phased out due to their harmful impact on the ozone layer.
117. Hcfc: HCFCs were previously typical refrigerants used in refrigeration systems for structures and vehicles. They eased the process of setting up climate control systems, but are now being discontinued due to their ozone-depleting properties.
118. Hfc: HFCs are frequently used refrigerants in cooling systems for buildings. Their correct handling is essential during the installation of these systems to reduce environmental impact.
119. Refrigerant Oil: Refrigerant oil lubricates the compressor in refrigeration units, ensuring smooth operation and longevity. It's crucial for the correct operation of cooling setups.
120. Phase-Out: Phase-out refers to the gradual reduction of certain refrigerants with elevated global warming capacity. This impacts the selection and maintenance of climate control systems in buildings.
121. Gwp: GWP indicates a refrigerant's potential to heat the planet if released. Lower GWP refrigerants are increasingly favored in climate-friendly HVAC system setups.
122. Odp: Odp refrigerants hurt the ozone layer, affecting regulations for refrigeration system setup. Installers must use ozone-friendly alternatives during climate control equipment placement.
123. Ashrae: ASHRAE defines criteria and guidelines for HVAC systems installation. The criteria assure efficient and safe climate control system implementation in buildings.
124. Hvac Systems: Hvac Systems provide temperature and air condition regulation for indoor settings. They are essential for setting up cooling systems in buildings.
125. Refrigerant Leaks: Refrigerant Leaks lower cooling system effectiveness and can damage the environment. Suitable procedures during climate control unit setup are vital to prevent these leaks and ensure peak performance.
126. Hvac Repair Costs: Hvac Repair Costs can greatly influence decisions about upgrading to a new temperature system. Unforeseen repair bills may encourage homeowners to invest in a full home cooling setup for long-term savings.
127. Hvac Installation: Hvac Installation involves installing heating, air flow, and cooling systems. This is essential for allowing effective climate control within structures.
128. Hvac Maintenance: Hvac Maintenance guarantees effective performance and extends system life. Proper maintenance is crucial for smooth climate control system installations.
129. Hvac Troubleshooting: Hvac Troubleshooting identifies and resolves issues in heating, ventilation, and cooling systems. It guarantees peak performance during climate control unit installation and running.
130. Zoning Systems: Zoning Systems split a building into individual areas for customized temperature regulation. This approach optimizes well-being and energy efficiency during HVAC installation.
131. Compressor Types: Different Compressor Types are vital components for efficient climate control systems. Their choice greatly impacts system efficiency and performance in environmental comfort uses.
132. Compressor Efficiency: Compressor Efficiency is vital, dictating how efficiently the system cools a room for a given energy input. Improving this efficiency directly impacts cooling system installation costs and long-term operational expenses.
133. Compressor Overheating: Overheating Compressor can seriously damage the unit's core, resulting in system failure. Proper setup guarantees adequate air flow and refrigerant levels, avoiding this issue in climate control system installations.
134. Compressor Failure: Compressor Failure halts the cooling process, requiring expert service during climate control system setups. A defective compressor jeopardizes the entire system's efficiency and longevity when incorporating it into a building.
135. Overload Protector: An safeguards the compressor motor from getting too hot during climate control system setup. It prevents damage by automatically shutting off power when too much current or temperature is detected.
136. Fan Motor: Fan Motor circulate air across evaporator and condenser coils, a critical process for efficient climate control system setup. They facilitate heat transfer, guaranteeing peak cooling and heating operation within the specified space.
137. Refrigerant Lines: Refrigerant Lines are crucial parts that join the indoor and outside units, moving refrigerant to help cooling. Their correct installation is key for efficient and productive climate control system installation.
138. Condensing Unit: A Condensing Unit is the outdoor component in a cooling system. It rejects heat from the refrigerant, enabling indoor temperature regulation.
139. Heat Rejection: Heat Rejection is essential for cooling systems to efficiently eliminate unwanted heat from a cooled area. Proper Heat Rejection ensures optimal performance and lifespan of climate control systems.
140. System Efficiency: System Efficiency is vital for reducing energy consumption and operational expenses. Improving efficiency during climate control setup ensures long-term economy and environmental advantages.
141. Pressure Drop: Pressure decrease is the reduction in fluid pressure as it flows through a system, affecting airflow in environmental control setups. Properly controlling Pressure Drop is vital for optimal performance and efficiency in environmental comfort systems.
142. Subcooling: Subcooling process ensures optimal system operation by cooling the refrigerant under its condensing temperature. This action prevents flash gas, maximizing refrigeration capacity and efficiency during HVAC system installation.
143. Superheat: Superheat makes sure that just steam refrigerant enters the compressor, which prevents damage. It's important to determine superheat during HVAC system installation to optimize cooling capabilities and efficiency.
144. Refrigerant Charge: Refrigerant Charge is the quantity of refrigerant in a unit, crucial for best cooling operation. Proper charging ensures efficient heat exchange and prevents damage during climate control installation.
145. Corrosion: Rust impairs metallic components, potentially causing leakage and system malfunctions. Guarding against Corrosion is critical for maintaining the efficiency and lifespan of climate control systems.
146. Fins: Fins increase the surface area of coils, boosting heat transfer efficiency. This is essential for peak performance in HVAC system configurations.
147. Copper Tubing: Copper piping is crucial for refrigerant transport in HVAC systems due to its long-lasting nature and efficient heat transfer. Its trustworthy connections assure proper system performance during installation of temperature regulation units.
148. Aluminum Tubing: Aluminum piping is crucial for transporting refrigerant in climate control systems. Their light and corrosion-resistant properties make it ideal for connecting indoor and outdoor units in HVAC installations.
149. Repair Costs: Sudden maintenance can significantly impact the overall expense of setting up a new climate control system. Budgeting for potential Repair Costs ensures a more accurate and comprehensive cost assessment when implementing such a system.

Bold City Heating & Air

4.9(1,687)

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8400 Baymeadows Way Suite 1, Jacksonville, FL 32256, United States

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boldcityac.com

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6C9C+2H Baymeadows Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA

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That Florida sun? It doesn’t play. Prepping your HVAC system now means cool breezes later. Clean filters ✔️ Check refrigerant ✔️ Program thermostats ✔️ 🔥 Be heatwave-ready with Bold City Heating & Air! Book your seasonal check-up and beat the summer rush!

3 days ago

Updates from customers

Randolph and the crew were so nice and they did a AWESOME Job of putting in new ductwork & installation. Great group of guys. RT would answer any questions you had. Felt comfortable with them in my home. From the girl at the front desk to everyone involved Thank You!! I Appreciate you all. I definitely would recommend this company to anyone 😊

a year ago

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Why would an AC heater not be turning on?

An AC heater may not turn on due to power issues like tripped circuit breakers, blown fuses, or loose wiring, thermostat problems such as dead batteries, incorrect settings, or a faulty unit, or safety features engaging due to clogged filte …

6 months ago

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4.9

1,687 reviews

"Best price and service I have ever had with an HVAC partner"

"Excellent workmanship, knowledgeable, friendly staff from owner to employees."

"They’ve been charging the service contract now the unit does not work."

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Abe Fernandez

11 reviews · 11 photos

a week ago

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DO NOT HIRE THIS COMPANY. TOOK THEM TO COURT AND WON!

We hired Bold City Heating and Air to replace all our air ducts, and the work they performed was shockingly defective. After the job was done we noticed that … More

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Kenneth Jefferson

5 reviews · 3 photos

2 months ago

Jacob; Ben & Josie were very professional and efficient. If I could give 10 stars I would. Very knowledgeable and they kept me informed throughout the whole process of my complete AC installation. The entire process was easy with Bold City … More

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Response from the owner 2 months ago

Thank you so much for your fantastic 5-star review, Kenneth & Monique! We're thrilled to hear that Jacob, Ben, and Josie provided you with professional and efficient service during your complete AC installation. At Bold City Heating & Air, … More

WILLIAM MOSIER

2 reviews · 4 photos

a month ago

Crew showed up on time got done earlier than expected. Everything was clean. They were quiet. I was able to work throughout the day while they were installing. Couldn’t have been more perfect. Happy with the service.

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Response from the owner a month ago

Thank you so much for your fantastic 5-star review, William! We're thrilled to hear that our team at Bold City Heating & Air made the installation process seamless and respectful of your work day. We appreciate your support and are glad you’re happy with our service! Let us know if you need anything else in the future!

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Bold City Heating & Air

HVAC & Air Conditioning Repair in Jacksonville, FL

Bold City offers premium HVAC service and competitive pricing to the Jacksonville, Jacksonville Beaches and Ponte Vedra areas.

24/7 Fast and Reliable. Jacksonville Grown. Family Owned & Operated.

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Summer HVAC Tune Up for Just $89

Get your system ready for the heat!

We’ll inspect, clean, and fine tune your HVAC to boost efficiency, prevent breakdowns, and keep you cool all season long.

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Jacksonville’s Best HVAC Company

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At Bold City Heating & Air, we offer our customers exceptional service when it comes to HVAC in Jacksonville, FL.

From heating and cooling repairs to energy-efficient HVAC installations that save you money, we do it all. When we opened our family-owned business in 2016, we knew we wanted to be the best around and that’s a passion that still stands.

From the moment you call us to the moment we carry out our work, you can depend on us. We believe in clear upfront pricing, no hidden costs, and the highest level of workmanship. With our NATE-certified technicians and Energy Star systems we give you the perfect combination of choice, value, and customer care.
“Experience the Bold Difference” that is Bold City Heating & Air by calling us today!

We Believe In:

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Trusted Heating and Air Pros in Jacksonville

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When it comes to heating and air services in Jacksonville, we offer all the services you need under one roof. But that’s not where our story ends.

From your HVAC system to your ducts and indoor air quality we offer a complete end-to-end solution. Our team is at the heart of everything we do. Our continuous program of education and training ensures our technicians are the best they can be. It also means our entire team stays up to date with the latest systems and technology. From our Energy Star systems to our whole-house approach, you can depend on every service and product we have to offer.

Our educated and experienced HVAC technicians specialize in a broad range of air conditioning, heating & indoor air quality solutions. We are dedicated to finding the right fit for your home or business. Our broad range of expertise ensures a solution to every challenge.

Satisfaction Guaranteed

Prioritizing satisfaction, Bold City Heating & Air exemplifies customer service.

Our Team Will:

• Keep Your Informed
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Number One For Heating & Cooling

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Keeping you comfortable is our top priority!

When you need an HVAC contractor backed by generations of experience and who truly cares about your satisfaction, turn to Bold City Heating & Air. From air conditioning repairs to the installation of a new energy-efficient heating system, you can depend on our team. We’ll get to you as quickly as we can to solve any problem you might be experiencing.

If you need help with HVAC installation or replacement, we’ll recommend the perfect system and provide you with a competitive quote. We’ll help you to save money on your energy costs going forward and can even help with financing on approved credit.

Jacksonville Grown. Family Owned & Operated.

See What Our Customers Are Saying About Us!

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Previous

Recently moved here from MD and was not familiar with the heating/AC unit. Bold City, especially Sam Powel, has been VERY helpful. In our short time here in FL, we have recommended Bold City to acquaintances numerous times, and will continue to do so.

Paul G.

Another excellent job by Bold City. Bryan was on time, thorough, explained his analysis and solution, and completed the job. He demonstrated knowledge and expertise while providing a high level of customer service. Well done!!

John L.

Recently moved here from MD and was not familiar with the heating/AC unit. Bold City, especially Sam Powel, has been VERY helpful. In our short time here in FL, we have recommended Bold City to acquaintances numerous times, and will continue to do so.

Paul G.

Another excellent job by Bold City. Bryan was on time, thorough, explained his analysis and solution, and completed the job. He demonstrated knowledge and expertise while providing a high level of customer service. Well done!!

John L.

Recently moved here from MD and was not familiar with the heating/AC unit. Bold City, especially Sam Powel, has been VERY helpful. In our short time here in FL, we have recommended Bold City to acquaintances numerous times, and will continue to do so.

Paul G.

An HVAC Team You Can Trust

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When you’re looking for an HVAC company that you can count on, look no further than Bold City Heating & Air.

Why not try out our award-winning service for yourself? We promise to never give you the upsell. Our technicians don’t get paid commission and we don’t focus on profit margins. We know that if we give our customers the best service, our profits will look after themselves. Whether you’re looking for heating and cooling repairs in Jacksonville or you need HVAC installation or maintenance, speak to our friendly family-owned team.

We’re proud to offer our high quality HVAC services to the residents of Jacksonville. Contact our team at Bold City Heating & Air today and experience our great service for yourself!

Contact Your Bold City Specialist Today

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Air conditioning

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about cooling of air. For the Curved Air album, see Air Conditioning (album). For a similar device capable of both cooling and heating, see Heat pump.

"a/c" redirects here. For the abbreviation used in banking and book-keeping, see Account (disambiguation). For other uses, see AC.

There are various types of air conditioners. Popular examples include: Window-mounted air conditioner (China, 2023); Ceiling-mounted cassette air conditioner (China, 2023); Wall-mounted air conditioner (Japan, 2020); Ceiling-mounted console (Also called ceiling suspended) air conditioner (China, 2023); and portable air conditioner (Vatican City, 2018).

Air conditioning, often abbreviated as A/C (US) or air con (UK),^[1] is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space to achieve a more comfortable interior temperature and in some cases also controlling the humidity of internal air. Air conditioning can be achieved using a mechanical 'air conditioner' or through other methods, including passive cooling and ventilative cooling.^[2][3] Air conditioning is a member of a family of systems and techniques that provide heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC).^[4] Heat pumps are similar in many ways to air conditioners but use a reversing valve, allowing them to both heat and cool an enclosed space.^[5]

Air conditioners, which typically use vapor-compression refrigeration, range in size from small units used in vehicles or single rooms to massive units that can cool large buildings.^[6] Air source heat pumps, which can be used for heating as well as cooling, are becoming increasingly common in cooler climates.

Air conditioners can reduce mortality rates due to higher temperature.^[7] According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) 1.6 billion air conditioning units were used globally in 2016.^[8] The United Nations called for the technology to be made more sustainable to mitigate climate change and for the use of alternatives, like passive cooling, evaporative cooling, selective shading, windcatchers, and better thermal insulation.

History

[edit]

Air conditioning dates back to prehistory.^[9] Double-walled living quarters, with a gap between the two walls to encourage air flow, were found in the ancient city of Hamoukar, in modern Syria.^[10] Ancient Egyptian buildings also used a wide variety of passive air-conditioning techniques.^[11] These became widespread from the Iberian Peninsula through North Africa, the Middle East, and Northern India.^[12]

Passive techniques remained widespread until the 20th century when they fell out of fashion and were replaced by powered air conditioning. Using information from engineering studies of traditional buildings, passive techniques are being revived and modified for 21st-century architectural designs.^[13][12]

Air conditioners allow the building's indoor environment to remain relatively constant, largely independent of changes in external weather conditions and internal heat loads. They also enable deep plan buildings to be created and have allowed people to live comfortably in hotter parts of the world.^[14]

Development

[edit]

Preceding discoveries

[edit]

In 1558, Giambattista della Porta described a method of chilling ice to temperatures far below its freezing point by mixing it with potassium nitrate (then called "nitre") in his popular science book Natural Magic.^[15][16][17] In 1620, Cornelis Drebbel demonstrated "Turning Summer into Winter" for James I of England, chilling part of the Great Hall of Westminster Abbey with an apparatus of troughs and vats.^[18] Drebbel's contemporary Francis Bacon, like della Porta a believer in science communication, may not have been present at the demonstration, but in a book published later the same year, he described it as "experiment of artificial freezing" and said that "Nitre (or rather its spirit) is very cold, and hence nitre or salt when added to snow or ice intensifies the cold of the latter, the nitre by adding to its cold, but the salt by supplying activity to the cold of the snow."^[15]

In 1758, Benjamin Franklin and John Hadley, a chemistry professor at the University of Cambridge, conducted experiments applying the principle of evaporation as a means to cool an object rapidly. Franklin and Hadley confirmed that the evaporation of highly volatile liquids (such as alcohol and ether) could be used to drive down the temperature of an object past the freezing point of water. They experimented with the bulb of a mercury-in-glass thermometer as their object. They used a bellows to speed up the evaporation. They lowered the temperature of the thermometer bulb down to −14 °C (7 °F) while the ambient temperature was 18 °C (64 °F). Franklin noted that soon after they passed the freezing point of water 0 °C (32 °F), a thin film of ice formed on the surface of the thermometer's bulb and that the ice mass was about 6 mm (1⁄4 in) thick when they stopped the experiment upon reaching −14 °C (7 °F). Franklin concluded: "From this experiment, one may see the possibility of freezing a man to death on a warm summer's day."^[19]

The 19th century included many developments in compression technology. In 1820, English scientist and inventor Michael Faraday discovered that compressing and liquefying ammonia could chill air when the liquefied ammonia was allowed to evaporate.^[20] In 1842, Florida physician John Gorrie used compressor technology to create ice, which he used to cool air for his patients in his hospital in Apalachicola, Florida. He hoped to eventually use his ice-making machine to regulate the temperature of buildings.^[20][21] He envisioned centralized air conditioning that could cool entire cities. Gorrie was granted a patent in 1851,^[22] but following the death of his main backer, he was not able to realize his invention.^[23] In 1851, James Harrison created the first mechanical ice-making machine in Geelong, Australia, and was granted a patent for an ether vapor-compression refrigeration system in 1855 that produced three tons of ice per day.^[24] In 1860, Harrison established a second ice company. He later entered the debate over competing against the American advantage of ice-refrigerated beef sales to the United Kingdom.^[24]

First devices

[edit]

Electricity made the development of effective units possible. In 1901, American inventor Willis H. Carrier built what is considered the first modern electrical air conditioning unit.^{[25][26][27][28]} In 1902, he installed his first air-conditioning system, in the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing & Publishing Company in Brooklyn, New York.^[29] His invention controlled both the temperature and humidity, which helped maintain consistent paper dimensions and ink alignment at the printing plant. Later, together with six other employees, Carrier formed The Carrier Air Conditioning Company of America, a business that in 2020 employed 53,000 people and was valued at $18.6 billion.^[30][31]

In 1906, Stuart W. Cramer of Charlotte, North Carolina, was exploring ways to add moisture to the air in his textile mill. Cramer coined the term "air conditioning" in a patent claim which he filed that year, where he suggested that air conditioning was analogous to "water conditioning", then a well-known process for making textiles easier to process.^[32] He combined moisture with ventilation to "condition" and change the air in the factories; thus, controlling the humidity that is necessary in textile plants. Willis Carrier adopted the term and incorporated it into the name of his company.^[33]

Domestic air conditioning soon took off. In 1914, the first domestic air conditioning was installed in Minneapolis in the home of Charles Gilbert Gates. It is, however, possible that the considerable device (c. 2.1 m × 1.8 m × 6.1 m; 7 ft × 6 ft × 20 ft) was never used, as the house remained uninhabited^[20] (Gates had already died in October 1913.)

In 1931, H.H. Schultz and J.Q. Sherman developed what would become the most common type of individual room air conditioner: one designed to sit on a window ledge. The units went on sale in 1932 at US$10,000 to $50,000 (the equivalent of $200,000 to $1,200,000 in 2024.)^[20] A year later, the first air conditioning systems for cars were offered for sale.^[34] Chrysler Motors introduced the first practical semi-portable air conditioning unit in 1935,^[35] and Packard became the first automobile manufacturer to offer an air conditioning unit in its cars in 1939.^[36]

Further development

[edit]

Innovations in the latter half of the 20th century allowed more ubiquitous air conditioner use. In 1945, Robert Sherman of Lynn, Massachusetts, invented a portable, in-window air conditioner that cooled, heated, humidified, dehumidified, and filtered the air.^[37] The first inverter air conditioners were released in 1980–1981.^[38][39]

In 1954, Ned Cole, a 1939 architecture graduate from the University of Texas at Austin, developed the first experimental "suburb" with inbuilt air conditioning in each house. 22 homes were developed on a flat, treeless track in northwest Austin, Texas, and the community was christened the 'Austin Air-Conditioned Village.' The residents were subjected to a year-long study of the effects of air conditioning led by the nation’s premier air conditioning companies, builders, and social scientists. In addition, researchers from UT’s Health Service and Psychology Department studied the effects on the "artificially cooled humans." One of the more amusing discoveries was that each family reported being troubled with scorpions, the leading theory being that scorpions sought cool, shady places. Other reported changes in lifestyle were that mothers baked more, families ate heavier foods, and they were more apt to choose hot drinks.^[40][41]

Air conditioner adoption tends to increase above around $10,000 annual household income in warmer areas.^[42] Global GDP growth explains around 85% of increased air condition adoption by 2050, while the remaining 15% can be explained by climate change.^[42]

As of 2016 an estimated 1.6 billion air conditioning units were used worldwide, with over half of them in China and USA, and a total cooling capacity of 11,675 gigawatts.^[8][43] The International Energy Agency predicted in 2018 that the number of air conditioning units would grow to around 4 billion units by 2050 and that the total cooling capacity would grow to around 23,000 GW, with the biggest increases in India and China.^[8] Between 1995 and 2004, the proportion of urban households in China with air conditioners increased from 8% to 70%.^[44] As of 2015, nearly 100 million homes, or about 87% of US households, had air conditioning systems.^[45] In 2019, it was estimated that 90% of new single-family homes constructed in the US included air conditioning (ranging from 99% in the South to 62% in the West).^[46][47]

Operation

[edit]

Operating principles

[edit]

Main article: Vapor-compression refrigeration

Cooling in traditional air conditioner systems is accomplished using the vapor-compression cycle, which uses a refrigerant's forced circulation and phase change between gas and liquid to transfer heat.^[48][49] The vapor-compression cycle can occur within a unitary, or packaged piece of equipment; or within a chiller that is connected to terminal cooling equipment (such as a fan coil unit in an air handler) on its evaporator side and heat rejection equipment such as a cooling tower on its condenser side. An air source heat pump shares many components with an air conditioning system, but includes a reversing valve, which allows the unit to be used to heat as well as cool a space.^[50]

Air conditioning equipment will reduce the absolute humidity of the air processed by the system if the surface of the evaporator coil is significantly cooler than the dew point of the surrounding air. An air conditioner designed for an occupied space will typically achieve a 30% to 60% relative humidity in the occupied space.^[51]

Most modern air-conditioning systems feature a dehumidification cycle during which the compressor runs. At the same time, the fan is slowed to reduce the evaporator temperature and condense more water. A dehumidifier uses the same refrigeration cycle but incorporates both the evaporator and the condenser into the same air path; the air first passes over the evaporator coil, where it is cooled^[52] and dehumidified before passing over the condenser coil, where it is warmed again before it is released back into the room.^{[citation needed]}

Free cooling can sometimes be selected when the external air is cooler than the internal air. Therefore, the compressor does not need to be used, resulting in high cooling efficiencies for these times. This may also be combined with seasonal thermal energy storage.^[53]

Heating

[edit]

Main article: Heat pump

Some air conditioning systems can reverse the refrigeration cycle and act as an air source heat pump, thus heating instead of cooling the indoor environment. They are also commonly referred to as "reverse cycle air conditioners". The heat pump is significantly more energy-efficient than electric resistance heating, because it moves energy from air or groundwater to the heated space and the heat from purchased electrical energy. When the heat pump is in heating mode, the indoor evaporator coil switches roles and becomes the condenser coil, producing heat. The outdoor condenser unit also switches roles to serve as the evaporator and discharges cold air (colder than the ambient outdoor air).

Most air source heat pumps become less efficient in outdoor temperatures lower than 4 °C or 40 °F.^[54] This is partly because ice forms on the outdoor unit's heat exchanger coil, which blocks air flow over the coil. To compensate for this, the heat pump system must temporarily switch back into the regular air conditioning mode to switch the outdoor evaporator coil back to the condenser coil, to heat up and defrost. Therefore, some heat pump systems will have electric resistance heating in the indoor air path that is activated only in this mode to compensate for the temporary indoor air cooling, which would otherwise be uncomfortable in the winter.

Newer models have improved cold-weather performance, with efficient heating capacity down to −14 °F (−26 °C).^[55][54][56] However, there is always a chance that the humidity that condenses on the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit could freeze, even in models that have improved cold-weather performance, requiring a defrosting cycle to be performed.

The icing problem becomes much more severe with lower outdoor temperatures, so heat pumps are sometimes installed in tandem with a more conventional form of heating, such as an electrical heater, a natural gas, heating oil, or wood-burning fireplace or central heating, which is used instead of or in addition to the heat pump during harsher winter temperatures. In this case, the heat pump is used efficiently during milder temperatures, and the system is switched to the conventional heat source when the outdoor temperature is lower.

Performance

[edit]

Main articles: coefficient of performance, Seasonal energy efficiency ratio, and European seasonal energy efficiency ratio

The coefficient of performance (COP) of an air conditioning system is a ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to the work required.^[57][58] Higher COPs equate to lower operating costs. The COP usually exceeds 1; however, the exact value is highly dependent on operating conditions, especially absolute temperature and relative temperature between sink and system, and is often graphed or averaged against expected conditions.^[59] Air conditioner equipment power in the U.S. is often described in terms of "tons of refrigeration", with each approximately equal to the cooling power of one short ton (2,000 pounds (910 kg) of ice melting in a 24-hour period. The value is equal to 12,000 BTU_IT per hour, or 3,517 watts.^[60] Residential central air systems are usually from 1 to 5 tons (3.5 to 18 kW) in capacity.^{[citation needed]}

The efficiency of air conditioners is often rated by the seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER), which is defined by the Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute in its 2008 standard AHRI 210/240, Performance Rating of Unitary Air-Conditioning and Air-Source Heat Pump Equipment.^[61] A similar standard is the European seasonal energy efficiency ratio (ESEER).^{[citation needed]}

Efficiency is strongly affected by the humidity of the air to be cooled. Dehumidifying the air before attempting to cool it can reduce subsequent cooling costs by as much as 90 percent. Thus, reducing dehumidifying costs can materially affect overall air conditioning costs.^[62]

Control system

[edit]

Wireless remote control

[edit]

Main articles: Remote control and Infrared blaster

A wireless remote controller

The infrared transmitting LED on the remote

The infrared receiver on the air conditioner

This type of controller uses an infrared LED to relay commands from a remote control to the air conditioner. The output of the infrared LED (like that of any infrared remote) is invisible to the human eye because its wavelength is beyond the range of visible light (940 nm). This system is commonly used on mini-split air conditioners because it is simple and portable. Some window and ducted central air conditioners uses it as well.

Wired controller

[edit]

Main article: Thermostat

Several wired controllers (Indonesia, 2024)

A wired controller, also called a "wired thermostat," is a device that controls an air conditioner by switching heating or cooling on or off. It uses different sensors to measure temperatures and actuate control operations. Mechanical thermostats commonly use bimetallic strips, converting a temperature change into mechanical displacement, to actuate control of the air conditioner. Electronic thermostats, instead, use a thermistor or other semiconductor sensor, processing temperature change as electronic signals to control the air conditioner.

These controllers are usually used in hotel rooms because they are permanently installed into a wall and hard-wired directly into the air conditioner unit, eliminating the need for batteries.

Types

[edit]

Types	Typical Capacity*	Air supply	Mounting	Typical application
Mini-split	small – large	Direct	Wall	Residential
Window	very small – small	Direct	Window	Residential
Portable	very small – small	Direct / Ducted	Floor	Residential, remote areas
Ducted (individual)	small – very large	Ducted	Ceiling	Residential, commercial
Ducted (central)	medium – very large	Ducted	Ceiling	Residential, commercial
Ceiling suspended	medium – large	Direct	Ceiling	Commercial
Cassette	medium – large	Direct / Ducted	Ceiling	Commercial
Floor standing	medium – large	Direct / Ducted	Floor	Commercial
Packaged	very large	Direct / Ducted	Floor	Commercial
Packaged RTU (Rooftop Unit)	very large	Ducted	Rooftop	Commercial

* where the typical capacity is in kilowatt as follows:

• very small: <1.5 kW
• small: 1.5–3.5 kW
• medium: 4.2–7.1 kW
• large: 7.2–14 kW
• very large: >14 kW

Mini-split and multi-split systems

[edit]

Ductless systems (often mini-split, though there are now ducted mini-split) typically supply conditioned and heated air to a single or a few rooms of a building, without ducts and in a decentralized manner.^[63] Multi-zone or multi-split systems are a common application of ductless systems and allow up to eight rooms (zones or locations) to be conditioned independently from each other, each with its indoor unit and simultaneously from a single outdoor unit.

The first mini-split system was sold in 1961 by Toshiba in Japan, and the first wall-mounted mini-split air conditioner was sold in 1968 in Japan by Mitsubishi Electric, where small home sizes motivated their development. The Mitsubishi model was the first air conditioner with a cross-flow fan.^[64][65][66] In 1969, the first mini-split air conditioner was sold in the US.^[67] Multi-zone ductless systems were invented by Daikin in 1973, and variable refrigerant flow systems (which can be thought of as larger multi-split systems) were also invented by Daikin in 1982. Both were first sold in Japan.^[68] Variable refrigerant flow systems when compared with central plant cooling from an air handler, eliminate the need for large cool air ducts, air handlers, and chillers; instead cool refrigerant is transported through much smaller pipes to the indoor units in the spaces to be conditioned, thus allowing for less space above dropped ceilings and a lower structural impact, while also allowing for more individual and independent temperature control of spaces. The outdoor and indoor units can be spread across the building.^[69] Variable refrigerant flow indoor units can also be turned off individually in unused spaces.^{[citation needed]} The lower start-up power of VRF's DC inverter compressors and their inherent DC power requirements also allow VRF solar-powered heat pumps to be run using DC-providing solar panels.

Ducted central systems

[edit]

Split-system central air conditioners consist of two heat exchangers, an outside unit (the condenser) from which heat is rejected to the environment and an internal heat exchanger (the evaporator, or Fan Coil Unit, FCU) with the piped refrigerant being circulated between the two. The FCU is then connected to the spaces to be cooled by ventilation ducts.^[70] Floor standing air conditioners are similar to this type of air conditioner but sit within spaces that need cooling.

Central plant cooling

[edit]

See also: Chiller

Large central cooling plants may use intermediate coolant such as chilled water pumped into air handlers or fan coil units near or in the spaces to be cooled which then duct or deliver cold air into the spaces to be conditioned, rather than ducting cold air directly to these spaces from the plant, which is not done due to the low density and heat capacity of air, which would require impractically large ducts. The chilled water is cooled by chillers in the plant, which uses a refrigeration cycle to cool water, often transferring its heat to the atmosphere even in liquid-cooled chillers through the use of cooling towers. Chillers may be air- or liquid-cooled.^[71][72]

Portable units

[edit]

A portable system has an indoor unit on wheels connected to an outdoor unit via flexible pipes, similar to a permanently fixed installed unit (such as a ductless split air conditioner).

Hose systems, which can be monoblock or air-to-air, are vented to the outside via air ducts. The monoblock type collects the water in a bucket or tray and stops when full. The air-to-air type re-evaporates the water, discharges it through the ducted hose, and can run continuously. Many but not all portable units draw indoor air and expel it outdoors through a single duct, negatively impacting their overall cooling efficiency.

Many portable air conditioners come with heat as well as a dehumidification function.^[73]

Window unit and packaged terminal

[edit]

Main article: Packaged terminal air conditioner

The packaged terminal air conditioner (PTAC), through-the-wall, and window air conditioners are similar. These units are installed on a window frame or on a wall opening. The unit usually has an internal partition separating its indoor and outdoor sides, which contain the unit's condenser and evaporator, respectively. PTAC systems may be adapted to provide heating in cold weather, either directly by using an electric strip, gas, or other heaters, or by reversing the refrigerant flow to heat the interior and draw heat from the exterior air, converting the air conditioner into a heat pump. They may be installed in a wall opening with the help of a special sleeve on the wall and a custom grill that is flush with the wall and window air conditioners can also be installed in a window, but without a custom grill.^[74]

Packaged air conditioner

[edit]

Packaged air conditioners (also known as self-contained units)^[75][76] are central systems that integrate into a single housing all the components of a split central system, and deliver air, possibly through ducts, to the spaces to be cooled. Depending on their construction they may be outdoors or indoors, on roofs (rooftop units),^[77][78] draw the air to be conditioned from inside or outside a building and be water or air-cooled. Often, outdoor units are air-cooled while indoor units are liquid-cooled using a cooling tower.^{[70][79][80][81][82][83]}

Types of compressors

[edit]

Compressor types	Common applications	Typical capacity	Efficiency	Durability	Repairability
Reciprocating	Refrigerator, Walk-in freezer, portable air conditioners	small – large	very low (small capacity) medium (large capacity)	very low	medium
Rotary vane	Residential mini splits	small	low	low	easy
Scroll	Commercial and central systems, VRF	medium	medium	medium	easy
Rotary screw	Commercial chiller	medium – large	medium	medium	hard
Centrifugal	Commercial chiller	very large	medium	high	hard
Maglev Centrifugal	Commercial chiller	very large	high	very high	very hard

Reciprocating

[edit]

Main article: Reciprocating compressor

This compressor consists of a crankcase, crankshaft, piston rod, piston, piston ring, cylinder head and valves. ^{[citation needed]}

Scroll

[edit]

Main article: Scroll compressor

This compressor uses two interleaving scrolls to compress the refrigerant.^[84] it consists of one fixed and one orbiting scrolls. This type of compressor is more efficient because it has 70 percent less moving parts than a reciprocating compressor. ^{[citation needed]}

Screw

[edit]

Main article: Rotary-screw compressor

This compressor use two very closely meshing spiral rotors to compress the gas. The gas enters at the suction side and moves through the threads as the screws rotate. The meshing rotors force the gas through the compressor, and the gas exits at the end of the screws. The working area is the inter-lobe volume between the male and female rotors. It is larger at the intake end, and decreases along the length of the rotors until the exhaust port. This change in volume is the compression. ^{[citation needed]}

Capacity modulation technologies

[edit]

There are several ways to modulate the cooling capacity in refrigeration or air conditioning and heating systems. The most common in air conditioning are: on-off cycling, hot gas bypass, use or not of liquid injection, manifold configurations of multiple compressors, mechanical modulation (also called digital), and inverter technology. ^{[citation needed]}

Hot gas bypass

[edit]

Hot gas bypass involves injecting a quantity of gas from discharge to the suction side. The compressor will keep operating at the same speed, but due to the bypass, the refrigerant mass flow circulating with the system is reduced, and thus the cooling capacity. This naturally causes the compressor to run uselessly during the periods when the bypass is operating. The turn down capacity varies between 0 and 100%.^[85]

Manifold configurations

[edit]

Several compressors can be installed in the system to provide the peak cooling capacity. Each compressor can run or not in order to stage the cooling capacity of the unit. The turn down capacity is either 0/33/66 or 100% for a trio configuration and either 0/50 or 100% for a tandem.^{[citation needed]}

Mechanically modulated compressor

[edit]

This internal mechanical capacity modulation is based on periodic compression process with a control valve, the two scroll set move apart stopping the compression for a given time period. This method varies refrigerant flow by changing the average time of compression, but not the actual speed of the motor. Despite an excellent turndown ratio – from 10 to 100% of the cooling capacity, mechanically modulated scrolls have high energy consumption as the motor continuously runs.^{[citation needed]}

Variable-speed compressor

[edit]

Main article: Inverter compressor

This system uses a variable-frequency drive (also called an Inverter) to control the speed of the compressor. The refrigerant flow rate is changed by the change in the speed of the compressor. The turn down ratio depends on the system configuration and manufacturer. It modulates from 15 or 25% up to 100% at full capacity with a single inverter from 12 to 100% with a hybrid tandem. This method is the most efficient way to modulate an air conditioner's capacity. It is up to 58% more efficient than a fixed speed system.^{[citation needed]}

Impact

[edit]

Health effects

[edit]

In hot weather, air conditioning can prevent heat stroke, dehydration due to excessive sweating, electrolyte imbalance, kidney failure, and other issues due to hyperthermia.^[8][86] Heat waves are the most lethal type of weather phenomenon in the United States.^[87][88] A 2020 study found that areas with lower use of air conditioning correlated with higher rates of heat-related mortality and hospitalizations.^[89] The August 2003 France heatwave resulted in approximately 15,000 deaths, where 80% of the victims were over 75 years old. In response, the French government required all retirement homes to have at least one air-conditioned room at 25 °C (77 °F) per floor during heatwaves.^[8]

Air conditioning (including filtration, humidification, cooling and disinfection) can be used to provide a clean, safe, hypoallergenic atmosphere in hospital operating rooms and other environments where proper atmosphere is critical to patient safety and well-being. It is sometimes recommended for home use by people with allergies, especially mold.^[90][91] However, poorly maintained water cooling towers can promote the growth and spread of microorganisms such as Legionella pneumophila, the infectious agent responsible for Legionnaires' disease. As long as the cooling tower is kept clean (usually by means of a chlorine treatment), these health hazards can be avoided or reduced. The state of New York has codified requirements for registration, maintenance, and testing of cooling towers to protect against Legionella.^[92]

Economic effects

[edit]

First designed to benefit targeted industries such as the press as well as large factories, the invention quickly spread to public agencies and administrations with studies with claims of increased productivity close to 24% in places equipped with air conditioning.^[93]

Air conditioning caused various shifts in demography, notably that of the United States starting from the 1970s. In the US, the birth rate was lower in the spring than during other seasons until the 1970s but this difference then declined since then.^[94] As of 2007, the Sun Belt contained 30% of the total US population while it was inhabited by 24% of Americans at the beginning of the 20th century.^[95] Moreover, the summer mortality rate in the US, which had been higher in regions subject to a heat wave during the summer, also evened out.^[7]

The spread of the use of air conditioning acts as a main driver for the growth of global demand of electricity.^[96] According to a 2018 report from the International Energy Agency (IEA), it was revealed that the energy consumption for cooling in the United States, involving 328 million Americans, surpasses the combined energy consumption of 4.4 billion people in Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, and Asia (excluding China).^[8] A 2020 survey found that an estimated 88% of all US households use AC, increasing to 93% when solely looking at homes built between 2010 and 2020.^[97]

Environmental effects

[edit]

Space cooling including air conditioning accounted globally for 2021 terawatt-hours of energy usage in 2016 with around 99% in the form of electricity, according to a 2018 report on air-conditioning efficiency by the International Energy Agency.^[8] The report predicts an increase of electricity usage due to space cooling to around 6200 TWh by 2050,^[8][98] and that with the progress currently seen, greenhouse gas emissions attributable to space cooling will double: 1,135 million tons (2016) to 2,070 million tons.^[8] There is some push to increase the energy efficiency of air conditioners. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the IEA found that if air conditioners could be twice as effective as now, 460 billion tons of GHG could be cut over 40 years.^[99] The UNEP and IEA also recommended legislation to decrease the use of hydrofluorocarbons, better building insulation, and more sustainable temperature-controlled food supply chains going forward.^[99]

Refrigerants have also caused and continue to cause serious environmental issues, including ozone depletion and climate change, as several countries have not yet ratified the Kigali Amendment to reduce the consumption and production of hydrofluorocarbons.^[100] CFCs and HCFCs refrigerants such as R-12 and R-22, respectively, used within air conditioners have caused damage to the ozone layer,^[101] and hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants such as R-410A and R-404A, which were designed to replace CFCs and HCFCs, are instead exacerbating climate change.^[102] Both issues happen due to the venting of refrigerant to the atmosphere, such as during repairs. HFO refrigerants, used in some if not most new equipment, solve both issues with an ozone damage potential (ODP) of zero and a much lower global warming potential (GWP) in the single or double digits vs. the three or four digits of hydrofluorocarbons.^[103]

Hydrofluorocarbons would have raised global temperatures by around 0.3–0.5 °C (0.5–0.9 °F) by 2100 without the Kigali Amendment. With the Kigali Amendment, the increase of global temperatures by 2100 due to hydrofluorocarbons is predicted to be around 0.06 °C (0.1 °F).^[104]

Alternatives to continual air conditioning include passive cooling, passive solar cooling, natural ventilation, operating shades to reduce solar gain, using trees, architectural shades, windows (and using window coatings) to reduce solar gain.^{[citation needed]}

Social effects

[edit]

Socioeconomic groups with a household income below around $10,000 tend to have a low air conditioning adoption,^[42] which worsens heat-related mortality.^[7] The lack of cooling can be hazardous, as areas with lower use of air conditioning correlate with higher rates of heat-related mortality and hospitalizations.^[89] Premature mortality in NYC is projected to grow between 47% and 95% in 30 years, with lower-income and vulnerable populations most at risk.^[89] Studies on the correlation between heat-related mortality and hospitalizations and living in low socioeconomic locations can be traced in Phoenix, Arizona,^[105] Hong Kong,^[106] China,^[106] Japan,^[107] and Italy.^[108][109] Additionally, costs concerning health care can act as another barrier, as the lack of private health insurance during a 2009 heat wave in Australia, was associated with heat-related hospitalization.^[109]

Disparities in socioeconomic status and access to air conditioning are connected by some to institutionalized racism, which leads to the association of specific marginalized communities with lower economic status, poorer health, residing in hotter neighborhoods, engaging in physically demanding labor, and experiencing limited access to cooling technologies such as air conditioning.^[109] A study overlooking Chicago, Illinois, Detroit, and Michigan found that black households were half as likely to have central air conditioning units when compared to their white counterparts.^[110] Especially in cities, Redlining creates heat islands, increasing temperatures in certain parts of the city.^[109] This is due to materials heat-absorbing building materials and pavements and lack of vegetation and shade coverage.^[111] There have been initiatives that provide cooling solutions to low-income communities, such as public cooling spaces.^[8][111]

Other techniques

[edit]

Buildings designed with passive air conditioning are generally less expensive to construct and maintain than buildings with conventional HVAC systems with lower energy demands.^[112] While tens of air changes per hour, and cooling of tens of degrees, can be achieved with passive methods, site-specific microclimate must be taken into account, complicating building design.^[12]

Many techniques can be used to increase comfort and reduce the temperature in buildings. These include evaporative cooling, selective shading, wind, thermal convection, and heat storage.^[113]

Passive ventilation

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Passive ventilation.[edit]

Passive ventilation is the process of supplying air to and removing air from an indoor space without using mechanical systems. It refers to the flow of external air to an indoor space as a result of pressure differences arising from natural forces.

There are two types of natural ventilation occurring in buildings: wind driven ventilation and buoyancy-driven ventilation. Wind driven ventilation arises from the different pressures created by wind around a building or structure, and openings being formed on the perimeter which then permit flow through the building. Buoyancy-driven ventilation occurs as a result of the directional buoyancy force that results from temperature differences between the interior and exterior.^[114]

Since the internal heat gains which create temperature differences between the interior and exterior are created by natural processes, including the heat from people, and wind effects are variable, naturally ventilated buildings are sometimes called "breathing buildings".

Passive cooling

[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Passive cooling.[edit]

Passive cooling is a building design approach that focuses on heat gain control and heat dissipation in a building in order to improve the indoor thermal comfort with low or no energy consumption.^[115][116] This approach works either by preventing heat from entering the interior (heat gain prevention) or by removing heat from the building (natural cooling).^[117]

Natural cooling utilizes on-site energy, available from the natural environment, combined with the architectural design of building components (e.g. building envelope), rather than mechanical systems to dissipate heat.^[118] Therefore, natural cooling depends not only on the architectural design of the building but on how the site's natural resources are used as heat sinks (i.e. everything that absorbs or dissipates heat). Examples of on-site heat sinks are the upper atmosphere (night sky), the outdoor air (wind), and the earth/soil.

Passive cooling is an important tool for design of buildings for climate change adaptation – reducing dependency on energy-intensive air conditioning in warming environments.^[119][120]

Daytime radiative cooling

[edit]

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) surfaces reflect incoming solar radiation and heat back into outer space through the infrared window for cooling during the daytime. Daytime radiative cooling became possible with the ability to suppress solar heating using photonic structures, which emerged through a study by Raman et al. (2014).^[122] PDRCs can come in a variety of forms, including paint coatings and films, that are designed to be high in solar reflectance and thermal emittance.^[121][123]

PDRC applications on building roofs and envelopes have demonstrated significant decreases in energy consumption and costs.^[123] In suburban single-family residential areas, PDRC application on roofs can potentially lower energy costs by 26% to 46%.^[124] PDRCs are predicted to show a market size of ~$27 billion for indoor space cooling by 2025 and have undergone a surge in research and development since the 2010s.^[125][126]

Fans

[edit]

Main article: Ceiling fan

Hand fans have existed since prehistory. Large human-powered fans built into buildings include the punkah.

The 2nd-century Chinese inventor Ding Huan of the Han dynasty invented a rotary fan for air conditioning, with seven wheels 3 m (10 ft) in diameter and manually powered by prisoners.^{[127]: 99, 151, 233} In 747, Emperor Xuanzong (r. 712–762) of the Tang dynasty (618–907) had the Cool Hall (Liang Dian 涼殿) built in the imperial palace, which the Tang Yulin describes as having water-powered fan wheels for air conditioning as well as rising jet streams of water from fountains. During the subsequent Song dynasty (960–1279), written sources mentioned the air conditioning rotary fan as even more widely used.^{[127]: 134, 151}

Thermal buffering

[edit]

In areas that are cold at night or in winter, heat storage is used. Heat may be stored in earth or masonry; air is drawn past the masonry to heat or cool it.^[13]

In areas that are below freezing at night in winter, snow and ice can be collected and stored in ice houses for later use in cooling.^[13] This technique is over 3,700 years old in the Middle East.^[128] Harvesting outdoor ice during winter and transporting and storing for use in summer was practiced by wealthy Europeans in the early 1600s,^[15] and became popular in Europe and the Americas towards the end of the 1600s.^[129] This practice was replaced by mechanical compression-cycle icemakers.

Evaporative cooling

[edit]

Main article: Evaporative cooler

In dry, hot climates, the evaporative cooling effect may be used by placing water at the air intake, such that the draft draws air over water and then into the house. For this reason, it is sometimes said that the fountain, in the architecture of hot, arid climates, is like the fireplace in the architecture of cold climates.^[11] Evaporative cooling also makes the air more humid, which can be beneficial in a dry desert climate.^[130]

Evaporative coolers tend to feel as if they are not working during times of high humidity, when there is not much dry air with which the coolers can work to make the air as cool as possible for dwelling occupants. Unlike other types of air conditioners, evaporative coolers rely on the outside air to be channeled through cooler pads that cool the air before it reaches the inside of a house through its air duct system; this cooled outside air must be allowed to push the warmer air within the house out through an exhaust opening such as an open door or window.^[131]

See also

[edit]

• Air filter
• Air purifier
• Cleanroom
• Crankcase heater
• Energy recovery ventilation
• Indoor air quality
• Particulates

References

[edit]

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